1 Penny - George III 2nd Issue; 'Cartwheel'

Features

Issuer	United Kingdom and Australia
Król	George III (1760-1820)
Type	Standard circulation coins
Year	1797
Value	1 Penny (1⁄240)
Currency	Pound sterling (1158-1971)
Composition	Miedź
Weight	28.35 g
Diameter	36 mm
Thickness	3 mm
Shape	Okrągły
Technique	Frezowana
Orientation	Coin alignment ↑↓
Demonetized	31 August 1971
Number	N# 947
References	KM# 618 Standard Catalog of World Coins (86 volumes). , Sp# 3777 Standard Catalogue of British Coins (37 volumes).

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Obverse

Laureat i udrapowane popiersie króla Jerzego III w prawo, legenda wokół na podniesionej krawędzi. Automatically translated

Script: łaciński

Lettering:
GEORGIUS III·D:G·REX.
K

Unabridged legend: Georgius III Dei Gratia Rex

Engraver: Conrad Heinrich Küchler

Reverse

Siedząca postać Britannii w lewo, z trójzębem i tarczą w lewej ręce, gałązką oliwną w uniesionej prawej ręce, tarcza z flagą Unii spoczywająca po lewej stronie, morze za nią ze statkiem po lewej, nazwa mennicy poniżej tarczy, legenda powyżej i data poniżej na podniesionym brzegu. Automatically translated

Script: łaciński

Lettering:
BRITANNIA
SOHO
1797

Engraver: Conrad Heinrich Küchler

Edge

Zwykły Automatically translated

Mint

SOHO	Soho Mint, Handsworth, England (1788-1850)

Comments

Pierwsze monety z metalu nieszlachetnego, które trafiły do obiegu w Wielkiej Brytanii, zostały wyprodukowane przez Matthew Boultona przy użyciu prasy parowej w mennicy Soho w Birmingham w 1797 roku.

Od 1770 roku do końca XVIII wieku praktyka przetapiania oficjalnych miedzianych monet i tworzenia lekkich podróbek stała się tak powszechna, że skłoniło to przemysłowca Matthew Boultona do zaproponowania potencjalnego rozwiązania. Zaproponował on, by każda moneta zawierała swoją wartość w miedzi (jedna uncja avoirdupois), by poprawić jej jakość poprzez zastosowanie kołnierza ustalającego podczas bicia (w celu uzyskania idealnie okrągłej monety) oraz poprzez zaprojektowanie monet z grubymi wypukłymi brzegami, by zapobiec ich łatwemu ścieraniu.

Ten typ jest jedną z australijskich monet proklamacyjnych z 1800 roku. W 1800 roku ówczesny gubernator Nowej Południowej Walii Philip Gidley King wydał proklamację, zgodnie z którą dziesięć określonych monet brytyjskich, holenderskich, indyjskich, portugalskich i hiszpańskich miało zostać sprowadzonych do kolonii i otrzymać zawyżone nominały niż te wskazane na monetach, tak aby znalazły się w obiegu w kolonii. Ten grosz miał wartość 2 pensów.

Ten typ był wybijany w miedzi przez Boultona przez kilka lat po 1797 roku bez zmiany daty, wraz z kilkoma późniejszymi wybiciami w różnych metalach. Kolejne próby zostały wyprodukowane przez W.J. Taylora, gdy kupił matryce w 1848 roku; głównym sposobem na rozróżnienie tych późniejszych emisji są ślady wynikające z korozji matrycy.

This is an automatic translation. The original text is:

The first base metal regal pennies to circulate in Britain, these pieces were produced by Matthew Boulton using a steam powered press at the Soho Mint in Birmingham beginning in 1797.

From 1770 until the end of the 18th century the practice of melting down the official copper coins and making lightweight forgeries had become so widespread that it prompted industrialist Matthew Boulton to offer a potential solution. He proposed that each coin should actually be made to contain its value in copper (one ounce avoirdupois), that the quality should be improved by using a retaining collar during striking (to give a perfectly round coin) and by designing the coins with thick raised borders to prevent them wearing so easily.

This type is one of the 1800 Australian Proclamation coins. In 1800 the then-Governor of New South Wales, Philip Gidley King issued a proclamation that ten specific British, Netherlands, Indian, Portuguese and Spanish coins were to be brought into the colony and given inflated denominations than what was indicated on the coins so that they would say in circulation in the colony. This Penny had a value of 2 Pence.

This type was struck in copper by Boulton for several years after 1797 with no change in date, along with some later strikes in a variety of metals. Further restrikes were produced by W.J. Taylor when he bought the dies in 1848; the chief way these later issues can be distinguished is by marks resulting from die corrosion.

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Date	Mintage	G	VG	F	VF	XF	AU		Frequency
Undetermined
1797	8 601 600	$ 5.10	$ 7.90	$ 12	$ 23	$ 39	$ 42	(en) 10 leaves in wreath	93%
1797				$ 14	$ 110			(en) 11 leaves in wreath	3%
1797								(en) Bronzed proof	0.3%
1797								(en) Copper proof	0.6%
1797								(en) Gilt copper proof	0.4%

Values in the table above are expressed in USD. They are based on evaluations by Numista users and sales realized on Internet platforms. They serve as an indication only; they are not intended to be relied upon for buying, selling or exchanging. Numista does not buy or sell coins or banknotes.

Frequencies show the percentage of Numista users who own each year or variety among all the users who own this coin. Since some users own several versions, the sum may be greater than 100%.

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Members from this site want to exchange it: aumi, hyac50, jald1960, MicheleTN, nicolo.magnani, Jacques974, Idiarte, l-ajaiste-21, henstan123, Brickzstudio, nukn, ananthk, asimov37, leprédateur, squash70, Germancoincollector, ranann, Kebab, zdravko, TatoMaster, ramis, yahel, ValerioHispa, Wallnut, JoachimSdl, Huntingforcoins, Maurits, pol051, AdamSpry, bevi75, Tomdd, jbridger311, CanBird81, AngHol, TauTau, el lobo, Vfufu, Ben Dettweiler, IndoStocks, presedinte, floyd1, PesPoisonFisch, Regehitsu, gianluca4, davebrenner007, LaZooRo, Northonian, Stefano1, ges, guzis…

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This index is based on the data of Numista members collections. It ranges from 0 to 100, 0 meaning a very common coin or banknote and 100 meaning a rare coin or banknote among Numista members.

Examples of the type

Picture 1 of the example of 1 Penny - George III (2nd Issue; 'Cartwheel')

Picture 2 of the example of 1 Penny - George III (2nd Issue; 'Cartwheel')

Images on either side are clearly identifiable including the SOHO lettering below Britannia’s shield, plus all the lettering (including date on the reverse) on the raised rims is legible.

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Past sales

Pictures	Sale	Date	Version	Grade	Sold price
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 11 The Abby Welsh Collection of British Coins Showcase Auction 61617 Lot 22180	11 May 2026	Undetermined	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 451.40 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 11 The Abby Welsh Collection of British Coins Showcase Auction 61617 Lot 22179	11 May 2026	Undetermined	UNC (NGC MS63 Red and Brown)	USD 549.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 11 The Abby Welsh Collection of British Coins Showcase Auction 61617 Lot 22178	11 May 2026	Undetermined	UNC (NGC MS64 Brown)	USD 976.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 4 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61619 Lot 25202	4 May 2026	Undetermined	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 488.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 4 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61619 Lot 25200	4 May 2026	Undetermined	UNC (PCGS MS65 Brown)	USD 2074.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 January 26 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61586 Lot 23113	26 Jan 2026	Undetermined	UNC (PCGS MS63 Brown)	USD 701.50 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 January 26 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61586 Lot 23112	26 Jan 2026	Undetermined	UNC (NGC PR63 Brown)	USD 1342.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Katz Auction 177 Lot 1050	6 Dec 2025	Undetermined	UNC	USD 588.79 (EUR 506.00) (+ buyer's premium)
© Katz Coins Notes & Supplies Corp.
	Heritage Auctions 2025 September 8 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61545 Lot 22127	8 Sep 2025	Undetermined	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 601.20 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2025 September 8 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61545 Lot 22126	8 Sep 2025	Undetermined	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 600.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions