2 Pence - George III 2nd issue; 'Cartwheel'

Features

Issuer	United Kingdom
Król	George III (1760-1820)
Type	Standard circulation coins
Year	1797
Value	2 Pence (1⁄120)
Currency	Pound sterling (1158-1971)
Composition	Miedź
Weight	56.7 g
Diameter	41 mm
Thickness	5 mm
Shape	Okrągły
Technique	Frezowana
Orientation	Coin alignment ↑↓
Demonetized	31 December 1869
Number	N# 1287
References	KM# 619 Standard Catalog of World Coins (86 volumes). , Sp# 3776 Standard Catalogue of British Coins (37 volumes).

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Obverse

Laureat i udrapowany portret króla Jerzego III po prawej, legenda wokół na podniesionym brzegu. Automatically translated

Script: łaciński

Lettering: GEORGIUS III · D:G · REX.

Unabridged legend: Georgius III Dei Gratia Rex

Engraver: Conrad Heinrich Küchler

Reverse

Siedząca postać Britannii zwrócona w lewo, trójząb w lewej ręce, gałązka oliwna w uniesionej prawej ręce, tarcza z flagą Unii spoczywająca po lewej stronie, morze za nią ze statkiem po lewej, nazwa mennicy poniżej tarczy, legenda powyżej i data poniżej na podniesionym brzegu. Automatically translated

Script: łaciński

Lettering:
BRITANNIA.
SOHO
1797

Engraver: Conrad Heinrich Küchler

Edge

Zwykły Automatically translated

Mint

SOHO	Soho Mint, Handsworth, England (1788-1850)

Comments

Największe monety królewskie, jakie pojawiły się w obiegu w Wielkiej Brytanii, zostały wyprodukowane przez Matthew Boultona przy użyciu prasy parowej w mennicy Soho w Birmingham, począwszy od 1797 roku.

Od 1770 roku do końca XVIII wieku praktyka przetapiania oficjalnych miedzianych monet i tworzenia lekkich falsyfikatów stała się tak powszechna, że skłoniło to przemysłowca Matthew Boultona do zaproponowania potencjalnego rozwiązania. Zaproponował on, aby każda moneta zawierała swoją wartość w miedzi (dwie uncje avoirdupois), a jej jakość powinna zostać poprawiona poprzez zastosowanie kołnierza ustalającego podczas bicia (aby uzyskać idealnie okrągłą monetę) oraz poprzez zaprojektowanie monet z grubymi wypukłymi krawędziami, aby zapobiec ich łatwemu zużyciu.

Ten typ był wybijany w miedzi przez Boultona przez kilka lat po 1797 roku bez zmiany daty, wraz z kilkoma późniejszymi wybiciami w różnych metalach. Kolejne przeróbki zostały wyprodukowane przez W.J. Taylora, gdy kupił matryce w 1848 roku; głównym sposobem na rozróżnienie tych późniejszych emisji są ślady wynikające z korozji matrycy.

Sama waga tych monet oznacza, że są one bardzo podatne na uderzenia o krawędzie. Stwierdzono, że są one zbyt ciężkie do regularnego użytku i nie wybijano więcej miedzianych lub brązowych monet dwupensowych aż do dziesiętnej w 1971 roku. Automatically translated

This is an automatic translation. The original text is:

The largest regal coin to circulate in Britain, these pieces were produced by Matthew Boulton using a steam powered press at the Soho mint in Birmingham beginning in 1797.

From 1770 until the end of the 18th century the practice of melting down the official copper coins and making lightweight forgeries had become so widespread that it prompted industrialist Matthew Boulton to offer a potential solution. He proposed that each coin should actually be made to contain its value in copper (two ounces avoirdupois), that the quality should be improved by using a retaining collar during striking (to give a perfectly round coin) and by designing the coins with thick raised borders to prevent them wearing so easily.

This type was struck in copper by Boulton for several years after 1797 with no change in date, along with some later strikes in a variety of metals. Further restrikes were produced by W.J. Taylor when he bought the dies in 1848; the chief way these later issues can be distinguished is by marks resulting from die corrosion.

The sheer weight of these coins means that they are very susceptable to edge knocks. They were found to be too heavy for regular use and no more copper or bronze twopence coins were struck until decimalisation in 1971.

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Date	Mintage	G	VG	F	VF	XF	AU	UNC		Frequency
Undetermined
1797	722 100	$ 11	$ 19	$ 27	$ 49	$ 69	$ 260	$ 790		97%
1797									(en) Bronzed proof	0.5%
1797									(en) Copper proof	0.6%
1797									(en) Gilt copper proof	0.09%

Values in the table above are expressed in USD. They are based on evaluations by Numista users and sales realized on Internet platforms. They serve as an indication only; they are not intended to be relied upon for buying, selling or exchanging. Numista does not buy or sell coins or banknotes.

Frequencies show the percentage of Numista users who own each year or variety among all the users who own this coin. Since some users own several versions, the sum may be greater than 100%.

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This index is based on the data of Numista members collections. It ranges from 0 to 100, 0 meaning a very common coin or banknote and 100 meaning a rare coin or banknote among Numista members.

Examples of the type

Picture 1 of the example of 2 Pence - George III (2nd issue; 'Cartwheel')

Picture 2 of the example of 2 Pence - George III (2nd issue; 'Cartwheel')

Good detail though with surface marks.

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Past sales

Pictures	Sale	Date	Version	Grade	Sold price
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 11 The Abby Welsh Collection of British Coins Showcase Auction 61617 Lot 22184	11 May 2026	1797	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 884.50 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 4 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61619 Lot 25206	4 May 2026	1797	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 732.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 4 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61619 Lot 25205	4 May 2026	1797	UNC (NGC MS64 Brown)	USD 1586.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 May 4 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61619 Lot 25204	4 May 2026	1797	UNC (PCGS MS64 Brown)	USD 1342.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2026 January 26 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61586 Lot 23116	26 Jan 2026	1797	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 884.50 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2025 June 8 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61515 Lot 23075	8 Jun 2025	1797	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 1542.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2025 March 16 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61483 Lot 21127	16 Mar 2025	1797	UNC (NGC MS62 Brown)	USD 552.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2025 March 10 The Cinderellie Collection of British Coins Showcase Auction 61479 Lot 21088	10 Mar 2025	1797	UNC (PCGS MS64 Brown)	USD 1320.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2024 September 15 Spotlight: Coins of the British Empire World Coins Showcase Auction 61404 Lot 23091	15 Sep 2024	1797	UNC (NGC MS63 Brown)	USD 630.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions
	Heritage Auctions 2024 September 8 Spotlight: Great Britain World Coins Showcase Auction 61403 Lot 25151	8 Sep 2024	1797	UNC (NGC MS65 Brown)	USD 1260.00 (incl. buyer's premium)
© Heritage Auctions