Items Golden Horde

(en) The Mongol empire was founded by Genghis Khan in 1206. After having unified the Turkish-Mongol tribes, between the 13th and 14th centuries, the Empire expanded thanks to various conquests carried out throughout Eurasia. This facilitated cultural and commercial exchanges along the Silk Road between the West, the Middle East and the Far East. The Mongols remained faithful to the old shamanic and animist beliefs, but were still tolerant of other religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Islamism, Manichaeism, Judaism and Christianity. In 1259, the Empire was divided into four parts (Yuan dynasty, Ilkhanate, Chagatai Khanate and Golden Horde), each self-governing. After the disintegration of the western Khanates and the fall of the Yuan dynasty in China in 1368, the Empire ended. In 1370, the "Lord of war" Timur (Tamerlane), a Turkish-Mongol leader aspiring to rebuild the Empire, conquered a large part of central and western Asia, founding the Timurid Empire that lasted until 1506. Read more

External links: Wikidata (Q79965), Wikipedia

Dinar (1227-1502)

AV Dinar - 1 AR / AE / B Dirham / Yarmag / Dang = ⅙ AE Pul

Pul "In the name of Nasir al-Din" temp. Batu (Bulghar)
ND (1235-1256)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Pyr# 1, Zeno cat# 10201, N# 177320

Pul - Möngke tamga (Bulghar)
ND (1251-1259)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Pyr# 3, Zeno cat# 5509, N# 177323

Pul - Nusrat al-din Berke "Berke" (Qrim)
ND (1257-1266)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.8 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Lebedev# m1, Album Islamic# 2019H, Zeno cat# 10456, N# 45740

Pul "Triangle type" temp. Mangu Timur (Saqche)
ND (1267-1283)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Album Islamic# G2063, Zeno cat# 6716, N# 340570

Pul "48 puls in Yarmak" temp. Mangu Timur (Qrim)
674 (1267-1283)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.2 g • ⌀ 16 mm
Lebedev# m2, m3, Zeno cat# 21976, N# 301475

Pul "Jochi tamga on both sides" - temp. Mangu Timur (Qrim)
ND (1267-1283)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 2.5 g • ⌀ 17.5 mm
Lebedev# m4, Zeno cat# 21976, N# 139582

Pul "Uighur legend" temp. Mangu Timur (Qrim)
ND (1267-1283)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.3 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Lebedev# m31, Zeno cat# 21975, N# 186598

Pul "Crescent moon/4 tamgas" - temp. before Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1267-1313)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m21, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 301895

Pul "Power and success" - temp. before Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1267-1313)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m24, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 301592

Pul - temp. before Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1267-1313)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m25, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 301896

Pul - Anonymous - temp. before Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1267-1313)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Brąz • 2.20 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Lebedev# m27, Savosta 1# 14, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 314857

Pul "16 puls - dang" Anonymous (Black Sea region)
ND (1267-1313)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Zeno cat# 10397, N# 301916

Pul - temp. Tode Mongke (Qrim)
ND (1280-1287)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.7 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Lebedev# m7, Zeno cat# 10437, N# 45738

Pul "May your prosperity be eternal" - temp. Tode Mongke (Qrim)
ND (1280-1287)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m26, Zeno cat# 10437, N# 301430

Pul "4 tamgas" - Anonymous, temp. Toqta (Qrim region)
ND (1280-1300)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m22, Savosta 1# 21, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 301461

Pul "3rd Rider type" - Anonymous (Qrim)
ND (1280-1300)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.2 g • ⌀ 17 mm
Lebedev# m39, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 304864

Pul - Tole Buqa (Qrim)
ND (1287-1291)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m23, Zeno cat# 8569, N# 309421

Pul "Sun-face type" - Toqta, with tamgha of Noghay (Solkhat)
ND (1289-1312)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1 g
Lebedev# m8, m9, Album Islamic# 2024N, Zeno cat# 6765, N# 301389

Pul "Strong money - Bird to the left" temp. Toqta (Qrim)
ND (1289-1312)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m40, Zeno cat# 6765, N# 301897

Pul "Qutlug Bulsun - Tamga in triangle" Anonymous (Bulghar)
ND (1290-1332)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Pyr# 32, Sing# 91, Frähn# 381, Zeno cat# 6756, N# 309423

Pul "Bird to the left" temp. Toqta (Qrim)
690 (1291)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m12, Zeno cat# 6765, N# 301893

Pul "Deer type" temp. Toqta (Qrim)
ND (1291-1312)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.7 g • ⌀ 22 mm
Lebedev# m43, Album Islamic# 2024, Zeno cat# 10305, N# 186597

Pul - temp Toqta (Qrim)
692 (1293)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 0.83 g • ⌀ 19.96 mm
Lebedev# m10, m11, Zeno cat# 6765, N# 301593

Pul "Animal to the right" - no mint, no date (attributed to Saray or Azaq)
ND (1300-1350)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.15 g • ⌀ 17 mm
Zeno cat# 9399, 9412, N# 402181

Pul "Sun-face type" - Toqta (Qrim)
706-707 (1307-1308)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 0.41 g • ⌀ 17.5 mm
Lebedev# m16, m17, etc., Zeno cat# 6765, N# 301476

Pul "Solar symbol" temp. Toqta (Qrim)
708 (1309)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Zeno cat# 6765, N# 266598

Pul "8-petal flower type" temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1313-1341)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m34, Zeno cat# 21699, N# 301479

Pul "Hexagram with a circle inside type" temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1313-1341)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m35, Zeno cat# 21699, N# 301482

Pul "Shamrock type" temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1313-1341)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 0.9 g • ⌀ 19 mm
Lebedev# m37, Zeno cat# 21699, N# 124811

Pul - Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim al-Jadidah)
ND (1313-1341)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.49 g • ⌀ 19 mm
Lebedev# m49, Pyr# 97, Zeno cat# 6859, N# 175089

Pul - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
ND (1313-1341)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.3 g • ⌀ 18 mm
Lebedev# m57, m58, etc., Zeno cat# 21699, N# 302892

Pul "Qutlug Bulsun" temp. Muhammad Uzbeg
713 (1314)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
N# 301855

Pul - Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
720 (1320)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.1 g • ⌀ 17.0 mm
Lebedev# m46, m47, Zeno cat# 6859, N# 337031

Pul "Five-rays star with a point / 16 puls=dang" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Saray al-Jadidah)
721 (1321)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Pyr# 51, Zeno cat# 6775, N# 224385

Pul - Muhammad Uzbeg (Qrim)
725 (1325)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m48, Zeno cat# 6859, N# 301484

Pul "Falcon / 16 puls=dang" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Sarai al-Jadidah)
726 (1326)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.37 g • ⌀ 17.5 mm
Pyr# 62, Zeno cat# 6775, N# 224399

Pul - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Khwarizm)
728-736 (1328-1336)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 2.31 g • ⌀ 18.5 mm
Album Islamic# 2026, Zeno cat# 9876, N# 224728

Pul "Animal to the right and the rising sun" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Azaq)
732-737 (1330-1337)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.15 g • ⌀ 17 mm
Pyr# 75, Zeno cat# 10454, N# 168028

Pul "16 puls=dang - sennit" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Saray al-Jadidah)
731 (1331)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 0.69 g • ⌀ 15.5 mm
Pyr# 70, Zeno cat# 6775, N# 224660

Pul "Five-rays star with tamga of Batu" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Bulghar)
734 (1334)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.65 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Pyr# 79, Zeno cat# 10665, N# 224669

Pul "Animal to the right and the rising sun" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Saray al-Jadida)
737 (1337)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.4 g • ⌀ 16 mm
Pyr# 81, Zeno cat# 6775, N# 177240

Pul "Animal to the right and the full sun" - temp. Muhammad Uzbeg (Saray al-Jadida)
737 (1337)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Pyr# 82, Zeno cat# 6775, N# 228708

Pul "two-headed eagle type" - Jani Beg (Saray al-Jadida)
ND (1342-1357)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.5 g • ⌀ 15 mm
Pyr# 108, Album Islamic# 2030.1, Zeno cat# 6864, N# 84427

Pul "Flower rosette" - temp. Jani Beg (Saray al-Jadida)
747-758 (1342-1357)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Brąz • 2 g • ⌀ 17 mm
Pyr# 160, 161, 171-175, 188-189, 203, Album Islamic# 2030.1, Zeno cat# 6865, N# 41947

Pul "Two-headed eagle type" - temp. Jani Beg (Qrim)
744 (1344)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.5 g • ⌀ 17 mm
Lebedev# m50, Pyr# 120, Album Islamic# 2031.1, Zeno cat# 1773, N# 124812

Pul - Jani Beg (Khwarizm)
746 (1346)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 2.55 g • ⌀ 19 mm
Pyr# 140, Album Islamic# 2030.2, Zeno cat# 9874, N# 197058

Pul - Jani Beg (Khwarizm)
749 (1349)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 1.2 g • ⌀ 12 mm
Album Islamic# 2030.2, Zeno cat# 9874, N# 196747

Pul - Jani Beg (Khwarizm)
751 (1350)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź • 2.3 g • ⌀ 18 mm
Pyr# 170, Album Islamic# 2030.2, Zeno cat# 9874, N# 566575

Pul - Anonymous (uncertain mint, no date)
ND (1350-1400)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Brąz • 1.74 g
Zeno cat# 1183, N# 358783

Pul "Asterisk in a hexagram" - Anonymous (Qrim)
ND (1350-1415)
Coins › Standard circulation coins
Miedź
Lebedev# m65, m66, etc., Zeno cat# 21700, N# 301429