Denier - Charles III Arras

Features

Issuer	Kingdom of West Francia (Carolingian Empire)
Król	Charles III (898-922)
Type	Standard circulation coins
Years	898-923
Value	1 Denier (1⁄240)
Currency	Pound (840-987)
Composition	Srebro
Weight	1.36 g
Shape	Okrągły (nieregularny)
Technique	Młotkowana
Orientation	Variable alignment ↺
Demonetized	Yes
Number	N# 339539
References	Prou Car# 215-221 ; 224-226 Maurice Prou; 1896. Les monnaies carolingiennes. Rollin & Feuardent, Paris, France. , Morrison# 737-750 Karl Frederick Morrison, Henry Grunthal; 1967. Carolingian Coinage / Volume 158. American Numismatic Society, New York City, New York, United States. , Nouchy# 1Ba (p. 251) Patrick Nouchy; 1994. Les rois carolingiens de Francie occidentale: De Pépin le Bref à Louis V (751-987) = The Carolingian kings of West Francia. Éditions du Grenier Durocasse, Dreux, France. , Gariel Car# XXV/11-15 ; XLIX/3 Ernest Gariel. Les Monnaies Royales de France sous la race Carolingienne. Imprimerie Typographique de G. Fischbach, Strasbourg, France (2 volumes). , MEC I# 990 Philip Grierson, Mark Blackburn; 2007. Medieval European Coinage / Volume 1: The Early Middle Ages (5th-10th Centuries): With a Catalogue of the Coins in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. , Depeyr Car# 83 Georges Depeyrot. Le numéraire carolingien (3 volumes).

Obverse

Monogram w kółku z koralików. Automatically translated

Script: łaciński

Lettering: ✠ GRΛTIΛ D-I REX

Unabridged legend: KAROLUS GRATIA DEI REX

Reverse

Krzyż w kółku z koralików. Automatically translated

Script: łaciński

Lettering: ✠ ΛTREBΛTS CIVITΛS

Mint

Arras, Francja

Comments

Bardzo trudno jest odróżnić denary Karola II (patrz link poniżej) od tych samych monet wybitych za czasów Karola III. Niemniej jednak zauważamy spadek wagi, który nastąpił w X wieku (do 1,55 grama dla Karola II w porównaniu z 1,36 grama tutaj). Automatically translated

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Date					VG	F	VF	XF	AU	UNC
Undetermined
ND (898-923)

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